You Actually Need to File Taxes in 2025: When filing your U.S. federal taxes in 2025, you must have a valid taxpayer identification number. That number could be a Social Security Number (SSN), an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN), or an Employer Identification Number (EIN). But how do you know which one you need? Don’t worry—we’ve got you covered with a clear guide that breaks it all down.
Whether you’re an individual, a non-citizen, or a business owner, this article will help you figure out exactly what ID number is required for your situation and how to get it.
You Actually Need to File Taxes in 2025
| Requirement Scenario | ID Type Required | How to Apply | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. citizen or authorized to work in the U.S. | SSN | Through Social Security Administration (SSA.gov) | Needed for employment, benefits, and tax filing |
| Non-U.S. citizen with U.S. tax obligations | ITIN | Via IRS Form W-7 (IRS ITIN Page) | Used only for tax reporting. Cannot work or get Social Security benefits |
| Business owners, employers, non-profits | EIN | Online via IRS EIN Portal | Used for business tax filings, payroll, and banking |
Choosing the correct taxpayer identification number is crucial when filing taxes in 2025. Use an SSN if you’re a citizen or authorized worker. Use an ITIN if you’re not eligible for an SSN but still need to file. And if you’re running a business, make sure to get an EIN.
What Is a Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)?
A Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) is a unique number used by the IRS to track taxpayers and ensure compliance with U.S. tax laws. The three most common types are:
- SSN: for individuals (U.S. citizens and authorized residents).
- ITIN: for individuals who can’t get an SSN.
- EIN: for businesses and employers.
Using the wrong number—or not having one at all—can delay your refund, cause tax return rejections, or lead to penalties.
Social Security Number (SSN)
Who Needs It
If you’re a U.S. citizen, a green card holder, or have a valid work visa, then you need an SSN to file taxes.
Why It Matters
- The SSN is your primary identifier for employment, Social Security benefits, and tax filing.
- It’s also used to verify eligibility for tax credits, such as the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and Child Tax Credit.
You Actually Need to File Taxes in 2025 Get It
Apply through the Social Security Administration using Form SS-5. You’ll need proof of identity, immigration status, and age.
Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN)
Who Needs an ITIN?
If you’re not eligible for an SSN, but still have U.S. tax obligations, you need an ITIN. This includes:
- Nonresident aliens required to file a U.S. tax return.
- Resident aliens (based on the substantial presence test).
- Spouses or dependents of U.S. citizens or resident aliens.
- Spouses or dependents of nonresident visa holders.
What It Can and Cannot Do
- An ITIN is for tax purposes only.
- It does not authorize employment.
- It does not qualify you for Social Security benefits.
- It does not make you eligible for the EITC.
However, you can use an ITIN to claim certain child tax credits if your children have valid SSNs.
You Actually Need to File Taxes in 2025 Apply
You must file IRS Form W-7 and provide original documents proving your foreign status and identity. This is often done along with your first tax return.
Helpful Link: ITIN Application Process – IRS Official Site
Employer Identification Number (EIN)
Who Needs an EIN?
You need an EIN if you:
- Run a business or nonprofit
- Have employees
- Withhold taxes on income (other than wages) paid to a non-resident alien
- Operate as a corporation, partnership, or LLC
- Are involved in trusts, estates, or real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs)
What It Does
- Used to file business taxes
- Required to open a business bank account
- Needed to hire employees and process payroll
You Actually Need to File Taxes in 2025 Get One
Apply online through the IRS EIN Portal. It’s fast and free. You can also use Form SS-4 to apply by mail or fax.
Real-Life Examples
Example 1: Maria from Mexico
Maria is in the U.S. on a student visa and earns some income through scholarships. She isn’t eligible for an SSN, but she does need to report her taxable income. So, she applies for an ITIN to file her taxes.
Example 2: John the Small Business Owner
John recently opened a small coffee shop and hired two part-time employees. To pay them legally and file payroll taxes, he needs an EIN.
Example 3: Ashley, a Software Engineer
Ashley is a U.S. citizen working remotely. She files her taxes every year with her SSN, and because of her income and dependents, she qualifies for the Child Tax Credit.
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FAQs on You Actually Need to File Taxes in 2025
1. Can I file taxes without an SSN or ITIN?
No. You must have a valid TIN (SSN, ITIN, or EIN) to file a federal tax return in 2025.
2. Can I apply for an ITIN online?
No. You must submit Form W-7 by mail or through an IRS-authorized Acceptance Agent.
3. How long does it take to get an ITIN?
It usually takes 7 to 11 weeks to receive your ITIN after the IRS receives your complete application.
4. Is an EIN only for big businesses?
No! Even freelancers, sole proprietors, and side hustlers may need an EIN, especially if they want to separate personal and business finances.
5. Can I have both an SSN and an EIN?
Yes. Many individuals have an SSN for personal taxes and an EIN for business activities.
